1) Mediator is a trained and qualified negotiator
2) Mediator is a qualified, neutral (mostly unknown) third person
3) There is a fixed procedure and framework
4) Emphasis on interests of both the parties
5) Agreement is always on Win-Win terms
6) Settlement agreement has a legal recognition
1) Person concerned is neither trained nor qualified in mediation
2) Person concerned is either a known person to both parties OR a person of power
3) No specified procedure is followed
4) Emphasis on power and rights
5) Agreement is mostly favoured towards one party (mostly patients)
6) Mostly the agreement terms are legally non-enforceable and can be breached
1) Voluntary
2) Mutually agreed settlement
3) Interest based settlement
4) Complete flexibility (in terms of settlement terms and time)
5) Time saving & Cost effective
6) Both parties are satisfied
1) Mandatory (on order of court)
2) Verdict / award given
3) Evidence based judgement
4) Not flexible (in terms of settlement terms or time)
5) Time consuming & very costly
6) Usually only 1 party satisfied
A good mediator gives a lot of importance to the pre mediation preparation i.e. the preparation before the actual mediation process. If pre-mediation home work is done correctly by the mediator or even otherwise, the mediation process requires very very less time and so it is very cost effective. Moreover as both parties intend to resolve the dispute, the mediator can allow to express their emotions during the mediation process, thus making it less stressful.
As the dispute resolution is controlled entirely by the parties, both the parties take care of their individual interests. This automatically becomes a win-win agreement for both. As the mediation process does not follow any specific protocol and is monitored by the intelligent mediator it has an average success rate of > 70%.
The concerned parties can join or leave the mediation process at any time during mediation and that too for any reason OR even without any valid reason. This makes mediation a completely voluntary process. Mediation is a totally informal process which is not bound by any procedural rules and in which no evidences are to be produced. The mediation process is so informal that the parties can even decide the time and the venue at their will and convenience. Thus, the mediation can happen at home, the mediator’s office or any other mutually convenient place.
Mediation is always confidential – by statute, by contract and by rules and also is a privilege given to the parties. Thus, the confidential information revealed by the parties during mediation to the mediator and the documents produced by the parties to the mediator are always kept confidential. These submissions cannot be used as evidence in any subsequent or ongoing litigation.
Mediation is a voluntary process where parties remain in control throughout. If they feel the mediator is not neutral or the process is no longer productive, they can choose to exit at any stage - ensuring confidence, fairness, and complete freedom of choice.
The parties have complete decision making power and they are the ones who determine the terms of settlement as well as the outcome of the mediation.
The terms of the settlement are decided by both the parties mutually. Hence they can use their intelligence and creativity with the help of the mediator to resolve the problem and to come out with a mutually beneficial agreement. The parties thus get a chance to think differently, can utilize their creative mind and so naturally it is very satisfying.
Once both the parties agree on the settlement terms and sign the agreement with the advise of the respected legal counsels, it is considered equivalent to the court decree according to the Section 73 of the Indian Arbitration & Concilliation Act, 1996.
Both the parties fill up the mediation submission form and then they are supposed to submit their concise statement of the case and what they wish to achieve. This is also called as a briefing paper or a position statement.
The mediator requests the parties and lawyers to mention in the position statement about three important aspects:
Discussions and submissions about the above mentioned points, helps the mediator to decide the strategy during mediation.
Where will the people meet? How many would be there? When they will meet? How long one session would last? What about the food? Who will sit where? The answers to all these questions are very important for the success of mediation. After a detailed thought process about all of the above points the following things are finalized for actual mediation:
Sometimes mediated discussions end without any resolution of the negotiating issues.
There may be a situation that the parties agree on a few issues but do not agree on a few of the issues.
There can be a final memorandum mentioning clearly about the settled and not settled issues which will help the parties settle those in future.
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